Hair loss is a very a common problem in fact, it affects not only men but also women and children. While hair loss in men is commonly related to balding, other times, it can be a result of poor diet and lifestyle choice.The most common cause for hair loss, however,is a prolonged illness, such as typhoid or jaundice, which can result in sudden and excessive hair loss.In many cases, it could also be due to an imbalance in the hormones, for example, if your thyroid gland is not functioning properly, you may experience sudden hair loss. Hormonal changes during pregnancy can also result in hair loss in some women. Apart from these, hair loss is also a side effect of certain medicines.Fungal infections of the scalp can also be a cause for hair loss.
Cycles of growth
Our hair growth is identified to be following three phases during its life, namely anagen, catagen and telogen. Anagen is the phase that lasts from two to five years and this growth phase is terminated by extreme interruption between hair shaft and nourishing papilla. This interruption lasts only for a few days and is called the Catagen Phase. The next three months the hair rests and this period of resting is called Telogen Phase. After this resting period, the hair falls and in its place a new hair growth cycle begins.
Causes of Hair Loss
The primary cause of loss of hair lies in the genes, the genetic endowment and is irreversible. There is also loss of hair due to the Chemo therapy, treatment of infection by ingesting chemicals or drugs into ones biological systems. The other supplementary factors are stress, poor diet and personal hygiene, physical illness, environmental issues like pollution etc. Lets see each one of the causes in some more detail.
Genetics
We all carry genes from our parents in equal proportion. If anyone of our ancestors has had permanent hair loss it is carried forward to our lives also and hence irreversible. This is called Patterned Baldness, more pronounced in males and hence the common Male Patterned Baldness or MPB.
Male Pattern Baldness
This legacy that one inherits is most common in young males but also known to affect the middle aged people. Early detection is important and to date there is no known medical cure to this ailment. Good scalp cleaning and nourishing is important. Generally speaking, around twenty five percent of men under 30 years of age and sixty six percent of them over 40 years of age experience male patterned baldness. It starts the process by thinning the top of the head or the hairline and recedes further towards the crown. In some cases the loss is more pronounced around the crown.
Pregnancy and related issues
The hormonal status undergoes marked changes during pregnancy and some of these lead to growth of hair. This is due to the fact that the Anagen phase of growth is more prolonged. However, after delivery the hormonal balance is restored to its erstwhile levels and the prolonged Anogen phase is induced into Telogen phase after completion of which the hair is lost. Therefore when a woman loses large amount of hair after about three months of delivery, there is no need to panic. This loss is temporary and after a month or so it will return to normal levels, new hair follicles replacing the old ones. A similar situation is true in the cases of abortion and when under treatment with female sex hormones or with the contraceptive pills and the treatment is suddenly withdrawn.
Fever and Other General Illnesses
A typhoid patient, after passage of about three months after the fever, tends to lose excessive hair. High fever due to other causes such as dengue, viral or low fever but prolonged as in tuberculosis or recurrent as in malaria can also lead to excessive hair loss.
Emotional Stress
Emotional stress can also lead to hair loss irrespective of the factor related to the stress. The factors can be as varied as work place, exam phobia, love affair, marital discord or of losing near and dear ones the hair is induced in to the telogen phase prematurely.
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Excessive Dieting
Hair shaft is nothing but a protein called Keratin; hence diet is very important factor in the growth of hair. In order to reduce their weight, people tend to do heavy dieting and this can lead to excessive hair loss. A proper and healthy diet is very essential for healthy hairline. Hair loss due to dieting is not seen if the process of diet control is slow.
Accidents and Injuries
It is observed that some persons lose excessive hair due to accidents.
Anemia :Chronic anemia is also a cause of excessive hair loss. This anemia can be because of deficiency in iron or due to frequent loss of blood.
Drugs
It is a misnomer that use of antibiotic leads to hair loss whereas the disease itself can be a cause for hair loss for which the antibiotics have been provided. But there are certain drugs mainly used for treatment of cancer or immune system, which can lead to excessive hair loss, and hair regrows the moment the use of drug has been stopped.
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